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In the midst of global Climate Change Negotiations: WASCAL at COP21 in Paris

Laurent Sédogo, Janet Adelegan and Harald Kunstmann represented WASCAL at the COP 21 in Paris (Nov. 30-Dec.12, 2015). In the pictures: Laurent Sédogo and Janet Adelegan giving presentations at a COP21 side event organized by BMBF and WASCAL/SASSCAL and Laurent Sédogo and Harald Kunstmann in front of Burkina Faso’s national pavilion.

Press coverage: Harald Kunstmann was interviewed by the regional tv channel Bayerische Rundfunk, 11.12.2015 at 22:45h on the COP21: http://www.br.de/mediathek/video/sendungen/nachrichten/interview-kunstmann-klimagipfel-100.html#&time=

Unsere Klimaforscher sind weltweit führend

Bundesforschungsministerin Johanna Wanka im Interview über gerechte Regeln für den Klimaschutz, die Förderaktivitäten des Bundesforschungsministeriums und darüber, wie andere Staaten von der Energiewende in Deutschland profitieren können.
Welche Erwartungen haben Sie an die Pariser Klimakonferenz?

Wir alle sehen und erleben, dass der Klimawandel erste Folgen zeigt. Im Westen der USA herrscht Dürre, die Gletscher in den Alpen schmelzen. Die Eismassen an den Polen werden kleiner. Deshalb erwarte ich, dass sich alle Länder bereit erklären, ihren Treibhausgasausstoß zu verringern. Damit wird es aber nicht getan sein. Wir brauchen auch internationale Zusammenarbeit, wenn es um die Folgen des Klimawandels geht. In Paris müssen gerechte Regeln für Klimaschutz und Anpassung gefunden werden. Vor allem die ärmsten Länder der Welt sind häufig besonders stark von den Folgen des Klimawandels betroffen und benötigen Unterstützung. Das sind für mich die zentralen Punkte für Paris.

Was trägt die deutsche Forschung dazu bei?

Unsere Klimaforscher sind weltweit führend. Die Wissenschaft trägt dazu bei, zu verstehen, wie der Klimawandel entsteht und vor allem welche Folgen er hat. Jetzt geht es darum, auch Lösungsmöglichkeiten für die zu erwartenden Probleme zu finden. Also wie man auch mit deutlich weniger Kohle, Öl und Gas eine Industriegesellschaft sicher mit Energie versorgen kann.

Können Sie das konkretisieren?

Wichtig ist mir, dass die Ergebnisse der Forschung dort ankommen, wo die Entscheidungen zum Umgang mit dem Klimawandel getroffen werden. Das gilt in der nationalen und internationalen Klimapolitik. Aber auch für Stadtverwaltungen, Behörden und Unternehmen sowie für jeden einzelnen Bürger. Politik und Gesellschaft müssen in der Lage sein, rasch und flexibel auf die Herausforderungen des Klimawandels zu reagieren. Nötig sind Innovationen, die den Umbau zu einer klimafreundlichen Gesellschaft beschleunigen. Hierauf ist unser neues Rahmenprogramm „Forschung für nachhaltige Entwicklung“ ausgerichtet.

Wie nimmt Deutschland seine globale Verantwortung wahr?

Wir fördern viele Projekte, in denen Wissenschaftler aus Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländern gemeinsam mit deutschen Wissenschaftlern Strategien für die Bewältigung des Klimawandels entwickeln.

Ein Beispiel dafür sind unsere Kompetenzzentren für Klimawandel und angepasstes Landmanagement im südlichen und westlichen Afrika, SASSCAL und WASCAL. Afrika ist vom Klimawandel besonders betroffen und braucht belastbares Wissen, um die richtigen Entscheidungen etwa im Hinblick auf Landnutzung und Wasserversorgung treffen zu können. Von 2010 bis 2017 werden wir daher insgesamt bis zu 100 Millionen Euro in die Forschungsinfrastruktur und konkrete Forschungsprojekte mit afrikanischen Partnern investieren. So unterstützen wir auch die Ausbildung junger Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler. Wir wollen damit Perspektiven für den wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs in deren Heimatländern schaffen. Die Programme sind deshalb langfristig ausgerichtet, um notwendige Kompetenzen vor Ort zu stärken.

Auch unsere Aktivitäten im Bereich nachhaltige Urbanisierung sind gute Beispiele. Bis zu 80 Prozent der weltweit genutzten Energie und Ressourcen wird in urbanen Räumen verbraucht, und mehr als Dreiviertel der globalen Emissionen werden dort erzeugt. Daher fördern wir in den Maßnahmen „Forschung für die nachhaltige Entwicklung der Megastädte von morgen“ und “Rapid Planing” seit vielen Jahren Ansätze, die die Emissionen mindern und schnell wachsende Städte widerstandsfähiger gegen die Folgen des Klimawandels machen sollen.

Deutschland plant die Energiewende. Was trägt die Wissenschaft dazu bei?

Die Energiewende ist ein Gemeinschaftsprojekt, und nur als solches wird sie gelingen. Deshalb werden wir nun die Wissenschaft systematisch mit der Wirtschaft und der Zivilgesellschaft zusammenbringen. Wir haben dazu eine neue Projektform entwickelt, die Kopernikus-Projekte. Die Kopernikus-Projekte sind unsere wichtigste Forschungsinitiative zur Energiewende. Allein der Name unterstreicht: Die vor uns liegende Aufgabe erfordert einen Paradigmenwechsel. Wir wollen eine neue Form der Zusammenarbeit aller Akteure, die die Energiewende möglich machen. Der Wissenschaft kommt hier zusätzlich die Verantwortung zu, eng mit der Wirtschaft zusammenzuarbeiten und die Zivilgesellschaft von Beginn an in die Projektentwicklung einzubinden, damit neue Energiesysteme von den Bürgerinnen und Bürgern auch angenommen werden.

Neu ist auch die langfristige Ausrichtung der Projekte. Die Kopernikus-Projekte sind insgesamt auf eine Laufzeit von bis zu zehn Jahren ausgelegt. Technische Entwicklungen aus den Projekten können damit aus der Laborphase herauskommen und im großen Maßstab getestet werden. Das ist in dieser Form einzigartig.

Was kann ein Erfolg der Energiewende international bewirken?

Bei der Energiewende geht es nicht nur darum, dem Klimawandel wirkungsvoll zu begegnen, sondern auch die Versorgungssicherheit zu akzeptablen Preisen zu gewährleisten. Wenn uns das gelingt, können andere Staaten davon profitieren und die Energiewende zu einem großen Exporterfolg werden. Sie könnte sich international als Leitbild für den Ausstieg aus der fossilen Energieerzeugung etablieren. Dafür müssen wir aber zunächst in Deutschland unsere Hausaufgaben erledigen und die Energiewende, auch zusammen mit unseren Nachbarstaaten, zum Erfolg führen. Erfolge verbreiten sich schnell. So können wir bei den wichtigen Industrienationen Impulse setzen.

Das Zwei-Grad-Ziel ist nur noch schwer zu erreichen. Benötigen wir ein realistischeres Ziel für den Klimaschutz?

Nein, das benötigen wir nicht. Die Wissenschaft hat mit den IPCC-Berichten eine eindeutige Botschaft ausgesendet: Wenn wir zügig und gemeinsam agieren, bleiben Klimaschutz und Anpassung bezahlbar und die meisten Klimafolgen voraussichtlich beherrschbar. Demnach ist es nicht die Frage, ob sondern wie wir die globale Erwärmung auf zwei Grad begrenzen können. Deutschland stellt sich der Verantwortung. In Paris müssen aber alle Länder aktiv in den Klimaschutz eingebunden werden.

Wir investieren in die Forschung, weil wir an die Zukunft glauben! Ich habe großes Vertrauen in die Innovationsfähigkeit unserer Gesellschaft und bin überzeugt, dass wir gemeinsam unsere Klimaziele erreichen werden.

Side-Events der BMBF-Klimaforschung beim 21. Klimagipfel (COP 21) in Paris

Vom 30. November bis zum 11. Dezember 2015 wird in Paris beim 21. Klimagipfel (COP 21) ein modernes, gerechtes und zeitgemäßes Abkommen verhandelt, das alle Staaten zu Klimaschutzaktivitäten verpflichten soll. Die Ergebnisse des Weltklimarats IPCC zeigen, dass die globale Erwärmung zunimmt und Treiber ist vor allem der Mensch.
Zur weiteren Erforschung des Klimawandels sowie zur Entwicklung von Maßnahmen zum Klimaschutz und zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel, fördert das Bundesforschungsministerium (BMBF) in Deutschland und weltweit Klimaforschungsprojekte. Die BMBF-Klimaforschung legt dabei großen Wert auf Kooperation mit den Entscheidern und Betroffenen vor Ort.

Während der COP 21 in Paris finden drei Side-Events der BMBF-Klimaforschung statt. Interessierte sind herzlich eingeladen an diesen Veranstaltungen teilzunehmen.

BMBF Side Event „Science‐based Climate Policy: From Research to Decision Making

Datum: 3. Dezember 2015, 16:00 – 18:00 Uhr
Ort: Deutscher Pavillion, Halle 2b, Le Bourget, Conference Centre

Forschung ermöglicht die Bewertung von Risiken für Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft und unterstützt die Entscheidungsfindung auf allen Ebenen. Die Veranstaltung zeigte dabei die Auswirkungen von Unsicherheit mit Blick auf die wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen und die Risiken des zukünftigen Klimawandels bis zum gemeinsamen Generieren von Wissen zur Entscheidungsfindung. Dabei wurden die Highlights deutscher Klimaforschung präsentiert.

Dr. Karl Eugen Huthmacher, Leiter der Abteilung 7 „Zukunftsvorsorge – Forschung für Grundlagen und Nachhaltigkeit“, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF)
Prof. Hans‐Otto Pörtner, Alfred Wegener Institut (AWI), Ko-Vorsitzender der Arbeitsgruppe II des Weltklimarates (IPCC)
Dr. Grit Martinez, Ecologic Institute
Christoph Bals, Germanwatch
Prof. Ottmar Edenhofer, Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgenforschung (PIK), Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change (MCC)

Zusammenfassung der Diskussion:

Karl Eugen Huthmacher, BMBF eröffnete die Diskussion zu den Herausforderungen an eine moderne Klimaforschung. Ottmar Edenhofer (IPCC Co-chair AR5 WG III) und Hans-Otto Pörtner (IPCC Co-Chair AR6 WG II) boten Einblicke in ihre Tätigkeiten an der Wissenschaft-Politik-Schnittstelle. Grit Martinez zeigte den Transfer von Klimawissen am Beispiel der BMBF-Fördermaßnahme Klimzug auf. Christoph Bals formulierte die Anforderungen an eine moderne Klimaforschung aus Sicht einer Entwicklungs- und Umweltorganisation, die sich für globale Gerechtigkeit und den Erhalt von Lebensgrundlagen einsetzt.

BMBF Side Event „Strengthening Africa’s Competence in Combating Climate Change – African‐German Cooperations in Education and Research”

Datum: 8. Dezember 2015, 18:00 – 20:00 Uhr
Ort: Deutscher Pavillion, Halle 2b, Le Bourget, Conference Centre

SASSCAL und WASCAL, die regionale Kompetenzzentren für Klimawandel und nachhaltiges Landmanagement im südlichen und westlichen Afrika, sind gemeinschaftliche Initiativen von 15 Ländern in West- und Südafrika. Gemeinsam mit Deutschland bilden sie ein starkes Partnernetzwerk für gemeinsame Forschung und den Aufbau von Kapazitäten sowie für Klimadienstleistungen und Infrastrukturentwicklung. Hochrangige deutsche und afrikanische Vertreter teilen ihre Erfahrungen und zeigen beispielhafte Innovationsmodelle für langfristige regionale Zusammenarbeit im Kampf gegen Klimawandel und für ein nachhaltiges Landmanagement.

Redner:

Dr. Georg Schütte, Staatssekretär Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) (Deutschland)
Prof. Francois Adébayo Abiola, Vizepremierminister von Benin, Vorsitzender des WASCAL-Ministerrats
Dr. Henry Mwima, Geschäftsführer SASSCAL (Namibia)
Prof. Norbert Jürgens, wissenschaftlicher Berater und Leiter des Koordinationsteams an der Universität Hamburg (Deutschland)
Dr. Laurent Sedogo, Geschäftsführer WASCAL (Ghana)
Prof. Janet Adelegan, Director of Capacity Building, WASCAL (Burkina Faso)

Side Event im Rahmen des BMBF-Förderschwerpunkts “Ökonomie des Klimawandels”, „The Economics of Climate Change: The Effect of Climate Policy on Innovation, Competitiveness and Employment”

Datum: 9. Dezember 2015, 10:30 – 12:00 Uhr
Ort: EU Pavillion, Raum Luxembourg, Halle 2b, Le Bourget, Conference Centre
Weitere Informationen: www.zew.de/en/veranstaltungen/2228

BMBF und das Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftspolitik organisieren gemeinsam ein Side Event auf der Weltklimakonferenz in Paris. Klimapolitik hat signifikante Auswirkungen auf die Wirtschaft. Während Klimapolitik die wirtschaftliche Konkurrenzfähigkeit und die Beschäftigungssituation negativ beeinflussen kann, schafft eine optimal gestaltete Politik ein innovationsfreundliches Klima und hat somit einen positiven Effekt auf die gesamte Wirtschaft. Diese Veranstaltung befasst sich mit den Wechselwirkungen zwischen umweltpolitischen Maßnahmen, wirtschaftlicher Konkurrenzfähigkeit und Beschäftigungssituation in Deutschland als weltweitem Vorreiter im Hinblick auf saubere Technologien und Klimapolitik.

Redner:

René Haak, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF)
Katrin Sommerfeld, Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW)
Florens Flues Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD)
Ingmar Jürgens, Vetretung der Europäischen Kommission in Deutschland
Oliver Schenker, Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW)
Joachim Schleich, Fraunhofer-Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung ISI

Termin in meinen Kalender eintragen
(ICS)

Thesis Research Awards for Non-WASCAL Sponsored West African Nationals

Update: The deadline has been postponed to february 29, 2016

Applicants must have completed all course requirements for the degree as well as be in the research and/or writing phase of the dissertation. The dissertation must be on climate change and any of the thematic areas of biodiversity, agriculture, adapted land use, climate systems, education, human security, economics and energy. In addition, applicants should not have received any other funding to support the dissertation activities outlined in the PhD or MSc proposal/budget. Priority is given to candidates pursuing a career in government ministries, research and/or teaching at a public institution in West Africa.
Requests should be supported by the following documentation:

Evidence of an attachment to, or sponsorship by, an institution in West Africa engaged in government ministries, research and/or training in the public sector in the region.
Evidence of registration in a recognized PhD or MSc program in a relevant area.
An approved research proposal, complete with clearly defined objectives, substantial literature review and a well-outlined analytical framework, as well as pertinent research methodology.
A statement of limitations and policy relevance of the study.
A letter of reference from the thesis supervisor, and a letter of institutional support from the Head of Department.
A detailed budget including evidence of any additional financial support that may be necessary to complete the program.
Curriculum vitae.

Processing of Application for PhD Thesis Research Award

Upon the receipt of the proposal and the supporting documentation, it is sent to two external reviewers in the relevant programs of the WASCAL Graduate Studies Program, who comment on the adequacy of the proposal. In the event that the reviewers suggest corrections to be made and give positive feedback, the comments are sent to the students to incorporate and then resubmit the revised proposal for a final review. Once the proposal is cleared by at least two reviewers, it is presented together with the comments from the external reviewers to the Thesis Grant Sub-Committee of the Graduate Studies Program, who will go through the recommendations of the reviewers and make recommendation to the Capacity Building Department of WASCAL to approve for thesis funding. It is after this that research grants can be awarded.
Application Deadlines for 2015/2016 Academic Session

The PhD and MSc Thesis Research Awards applications deadline is January 30, February 29, 2016.
Proposal and supporting documents for thesis grant should be sent to:
The Director of Capacity Building,
WASCAL Accra Office, CSIR Office Complex,
Agostino Neto Road, Airport Residential Area, PMB CT 504, Cantonments-Accra.
Email: intern.w(at)wascal.org; weto.s(at)wascal.org

Announcement: Application Process for Doctoral and Master’s Fellowships at the Graduate Studies Program Started

Note: The call for application has been extended to January 22, 2016. Read more

WASCAL (West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use) is a large-scale research-focused Climate Service Center designed to help tackle severe challenges posed by climate change and thereby enhance the resilience of human and environmental systems to climate change and increased variability. It does so by strengthening the research infrastructure and capacity in West Africa related to climate change and by pooling the expertise of ten West African countries and Germany. Through the Graduate Studies Program WASCAL’s Capacity Building Program helps educate the next generation of scientists to attain an intimate knowledge of different climate related issues in order to help the region develop suitable management strategies.

The WASCAL Graduate Studies Program supports four Master’s and six Doctoral Programs implemented at ten lead Universities across West African countries. WASCAL provides full scholarships to the Doctoral and Master’s students in all the ten lead Universities with comprehensive training and research support. Doctoral students may spend up to six months at a host institution in Germany. The language of instruction is English. English and French language training programs are provided for all graduate students. Graduate students have access to the research facilities set up through WASCAL funding and located at various watersheds in West Africa. German partner universities collaborate with the Doctoral and Master’s Programs in the areas of curriculum development, visiting professorships and co-supervision of graduate students.

The WASCAL Graduate Studies Program offers its students:

High quality research and education on climate change and its impact on human environmental systems.
Up to six months at a host institution in Germany (Doctoral Programs only!)
Interdisciplinary working approach
International lecturers and supervisors
English language classes
Scholarship and research budget, including a personal laptop computer

Doctoral Programs

West African Climate System
Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA), Nigeria
Apply now: Download call for applications and application form and the recommendation letter

Climate Change and Water Resources
Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Benin
Apply now: Download call for applications and application form

Climate Change Economics
Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar (UCAD), Senegal
Apply now: Download call for applications and application form

Climate Change and Biodiversity
Université Felix Houphouet Boigny (formerly Université de Cocody‐Abidjan), Côte d‘Ivoire
Apply now: Download call for applications and application form

Climate Change and Land Use
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Ghana
Apply now: Download call for applications and referee form and application form

Climate Change and Agriculture
L’Institut Polytechnique Rural de Formation et de Recherche Appliquée, (IPR-IFRA), Mali and University of Cape Coast, Ghana
Apply now: Download call for applications and application form

Time Frame

The time frame of the doctoral programs is three and a half years. During the first three months, students take English and/or French language classes and common courses at the language centers. During the next 6 months student participate in lectures at their Graduate Research Program and prepare their proposals. After their proposals have been approved by their supervisors, the students conduct their field research for 12 to 24 months. For the remaining period of time, students will write up their thesis and are offered to spend up to six months at a German host institution.

Requirements

Candidates applying for a Doctoral Program must have a Master’s degree in a relevant discipline in addition to a BSc degree (second class upper division).
Citizenship in one of the WASCAL member country (Bénin, Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Niger, Mali, Nigeria, Sénegal, Togo)
Five credits including Mathematics and English Language that are also equivalent to Francophone university grading system
Gender-balanced selection decision
Applicant should show proficiency in English Language.
Meet additional requirement of the lead university

Master’s Programs

Climate Change and Human Security
University of Lomé, Togo
Apply now: Download call for applications and application form

Climate Change and Education
University of The Gambia (UTG), The Gambia
Apply now: Download application form

Climate Change and Energy
Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey (UAM), Niger
Apply now: Download call for applications and application form

Climate Change and Adapted Land Use
Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
Apply now: Download application form

Time Frame

The time frame for the Master’s programs is two years. During the first year students participate in the course program of their Graduate Research Program and work on their research outline. Research will be conducted during the second year within a period of six to nine months. Students finish the program with writing up their thesis during the last three to six month.

Requirements

Candidates applying for Master’s Program must have a minimum BSc degree (second class upper division) in a discipline relevant to the respective program.
Citizenship in one of the WASCAL member country (Bénin, Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Niger, Mali, Nigeria, Sénegal, Togo)
Five credits including Mathematics and English Language that are also equivalent to Francophone university grading system
Gender-balanced selection decision
Applicant should show proficiency in English Language.
Meet additional requirement of the lead university

Application Process

Note: The call for application has been extended to January 22, 2016. Read more

The application process is handled jointly by WASCAL and the individual Graduate Programs. Applications can be submitted online to any of the Graduate Studies Program for the 2015/2015 season until January 8, 2016. The details of the application process can be found at the respective programs pages (see linkes above). Shortlisted candidates will be contacted and invited for interviews by January 15, 2016.

More information on the Graduate Studies Program and on open applications can be found here or at the respective universities websites.

Die Möglichmacher Teil 1 – Mit Afrika gemeinsam gegen den Klimawandel

https://www.dlr.de/dlr/Portaldata/1/Resources/videos/2015/Moeglichmacher_Gabin_Ananou_600.mp4
Gabin Ananou arbeitet für den DLR-Projektträger in Bonn. Hier werden Fördermittel verschiedener Ministerien verteilt und die geförderten Projekte betreut und begleitet. Ananou ist für die Klimakompetenzzentren des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) in Afrika zuständig. Er koordiniert und organisiert Forschungsinitiativen gegen die negativen Folgen des Klimawandels und ist verantwortlich für eine gut funktionierende Zusammenarbeit zwischen dem BMBF und den afrikanischen Partnerländern. Um aufzutanken steht Gabin Ananou als DJ an den Turntables.

Die Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler des Deutschen Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) erforschen und entwickeln Technologien von Morgen. Bei ihrer Forschungsarbeit, werden sie von vielen Seiten unterstützt. In dieser fünfteiligen Video-Reihe stellen sich einige Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter vor, die den Forschern den Rücken stärken, sie sind “die Möglichmacher”.

First Graduates in Climate Change and Energy

The ten students, who originate from the ten WASCAL countries, defended their theses on November 9-12, 2015, working on such diverse topics such as hydro-power generation and hydro power systems, mapping for wind farmlands, photovoltaic modules, as well as biogas production.

Name of Students and thesis topic

Akpoti, Komlavi 2015. Impact of Rainfall Variability, Land Use and Land Cover Change on Stream Flow for Hydropower Generation in the Black Volta Basin. Master Thesis, University Abdou Moumouni.

Balo, Abdoulaye 2015. Biogas production from various resources and potential greenhouse gas emission reduction in Brong Ahafo region of Ghana. Master Thesis, University Abdou Moumouni.

Bonkaney, Abdou Latif 2015. Performance‘s study of solar Photovoltaic module in Niamey(Niger). Master Thesis, University Abdou Moumouni.

Dajuma, Alima 2015. Effect of regional aerosols variability and climate change on PV efficiency :A comparative study between Niamey and Abidjan. Master Thesis, University Abdou Moumouni.

Gassama, Adama 2015. Sensitivity of the efficiency and power output of photovoltaic module found in the Gambia to meteorological parameters: Assessment in a climate change perspective. Master Thesis, University Abdou Moumouni.

Mortey, Eric Mensah 2015. Sustainability Assessment of the Bui Hydropower System. Master Thesis. University Abdou Moumouni.

Ndiaye, Aïssatou 2015. Long term evolution of heat waves and impact on electricity demand and/or consumption over West African cities: Comparative study between Dakar (West Coast) and Niamey (Central Sahel). Master Thesis, University Abdou Moumouni.

Nkwanko, Nnenna 2015. Biogas Production for Sustainable Development (Brong Ahafo -Ghana). Master Thesis, University Abdou Moumouni.

Obahoundjé, Salomon 2015. Potential Impacts of Land Use, Land Cover Change and Climate Change on Hydro power Generation in West Africa: The case study of Bui Dam (Ghana). University Abdou Moumouni. Master Thesis, University Abdou Moumouni.

Sawadogo, Nwindmanagda 2015. Suitability mapping for wind farmlands in Burkina Faso. Master Thesis, University Abdou Moumouni.

WASCAL Celebrates Graduation at the Master Program Climate Change and Human Security, University of Lomé

The Master Program’s Director, Professor Kouami Kokou, opened the festivities and thanked all officials, guests and participants for their participation at the graduation ceremony. The graduating batch 2013-2015 is the second batch from the WASCAL Program at the University of Lomé, since the program’s implementation in Togo in 2012. The new graduates were ten young people from different backgrounds from six West African countries including Benin, Gambia, Ghana, Mali, Nigeria, and Togo.

On behalf of the graduates, Miss Yomo Mawoulolo, thanked both the Togolese and German government, the officials at the ceremony, the President of the University of Lomé, and all the staff of WASCAL Program for all the efforts and sacrifices made throughout their training.

The ten students successfully graduated with theses in the following topics:

AMOU, Martial 2015. Rural livelihoods and cropping pattern under climate change in the Zio district of Togo, West Africa. University of Lomé. Supervisor Dr. Georges Abbey

ARYEE, Alberta 2015. Indigenous knowledge and resilience building in climate variability and change: comparative analysis of Chereponi in Ghana and Oti prefecture in Togo. University of Lomé. Supervisor: Dr. Julia Kloos

DANSOKO, Binta 2015. Environmental change and migration: a cross-villages assessment of human mobility and vegetation dynamic in the Dano watershed, Burkina Faso. University of Lomé. Supervisor: Dr. Papa Sow.

DEMBELE, Seydou 2015. Climate variability and rice production in Mali: a case study of Office Riz Segou. University of Lomé. Supervisor: Dr. Bino Teme.

GOMEZ, Leroy 2015. Social vulnerability to coastal erosion: empirical assessment of Gunjur village in the Gambia. University of Lomé. Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Janet Olatundun Adelegan.

GOUBALAN, Elvire 2015. Knowledge transfer between scientific community and policy makers for addressing climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction in Ghana. University of Lomé. Supervisor: Dr. Grace Villamor.

NTAJAL, Joshua 2015. Flood disaster risk mapping in the lower Mono River Basin in Togo: application of geographic information system and remote sensing. University of Lomé. Supervisor: Dr. Benjamin L. Lamptey

OKELEYE, Sunday 2015. Impact assessment of flood disaster on livelihoods of farmers in selected farming communities of Oke-Ogun region of Oyo State, Nigeria. University of Lomé. Supervisor: Dr. Felix Olorunfemi

YAO, Eric 2015. Effect of climate change on the cost of malaria treatment among households in farming communities in the Bole district, Northern Ghana. University of Lomé. Supervisor: Prof. Francis k. Obeng

YOMO, Mawoulolo 2015. Role of local institutions in shaping the response of farming household to climate change and variability: a case study of Bongo district in Ghana. University of Lomé. Supervisor: Dr. Grace Villamor

The ceremony was honored by many high-ranking guests, among them:

Mr. Octave Nicoué K. Broohm, Minister of Higher Education and Research of the Republic of Togo.
Mr. André Johnson, Minister of Environment and Forest resources.
Mr. Christoph Sander, Ambassador of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Professor Messanvi Gbéassor, President of the University of Lomé and member of the WASCAL Governing Board.
Professor Sanda, 1st Vice President of the University of Lomé.
Mr. Ananou Gabin, German Aerospace Center – Project Management Agency (DLR PT)
Madame the Director of Cabinet of the Minister of Higher Education and Research of Togo.
Mr. Tchakou, Accountant of the Ministry of Higher Education and Research of Togo.
Representatives (3) of the Embassies of Nigeria, Mali, and Senegal.
Representative (1) of The World Bank.
Director of the academic affairs of the Embassy of the United States of America.
Dr. Laurent Sédogo, Wascal Executive Director.
Pr. Janet O. Adelegan, WASCAL Capacity Building Director.
Dr. Grace Villamor, supervisor of WASCAL students and WASCAL researcher.

The “Grazing Game”: Playing climate change in West Africa

ZEFnews No. 32 | 2
EDIToRIAL: RooT CAUSES oF MIGRATIoN NEED MoRE ATTENTIoN
Everyday we are confronted by a continuous series of pictures, videos, reports, and news revealing the plight of desperate people risking and sacrificing their lives to attain secure and better living conditions in countries in Europe, Asia and the Americas. According to statistics on forced migration in the UNHCR report “Global Trends”, almost 60 million people were forcibly displaced globally at the end of 2014. Among the displaced are internally displaced persons (38.2 million), refugees (19.5 million), as well as asylum seekers (1.8 million). The search for bet-ter living conditions forces thousands of people to travel either on broken-down boats across the Mediterranean Sea, as a human cargo in overcrowded and stifling trucks, or as stowaways on train routes such as the notorious “La Bestia” from Central to North America. The countries of the global North are complicit in creating the pres-ent refugee crisis with their refusal to implement legal immigration options and, thus, secure escape routes. The topography of forced displacement shows once more that the root causes of forced migration need more attention than in the past. The reasons why people are forced to migrate are multiple and related to a complex system of economic, environmental, social, and political intercon-nected processes and causalities. Since its inception in 1997, ZEF has been conducting interdisciplinary research in countries of the global South to find science-based solu-tions for precisely such development-related issues. It will have to intensify its efforts given the current crisis.Eva Youkhana has been Director of ZEF’s Department of Political and Cultural Change as of September 1, 2015
LEAD ARTICLE
THE “GRAZING GAME”: PLAYING CLIMATE CHANGE IN WEST AFRICA
The most extreme effects of climate change are projected in West Africa and are expected to occur in desert and grassland areas. It is crucial for local populations in this region to better understand what such projections mean for them so that they can develop sound adaptation poli-cies and interventions. For this purpose, we developed an online game, called the ‘grazing game’. With this comput-er-based game we conducted trials with local farmers at multiple study sites in West Africa. The grazing game is a learning tool to better understand the behavior of farmers in response to climate variability under semi-arid condi-tions and to facilitate social learning. The grazing game was also designed to reveal the human-induced processes that lead to over-grazing and desertification. So the game shows the players’ interactions with environmental condi-tions and their resulting decisions. Here, we are reporting on the game trials we conducted in Benin and Ghana. In Ghana, we conducted a total of 23 game trials around the Vea catchment of the Upper East Region of Ghana involving 243 individual farmers. In Benin, we explored gender-specific responses and coping strategies with respect to climate variability in the agrarian context. In Benin, we used a combination of a household survey and an experimental gaming exercise involving 260 households. 76 percent of the respondents were male and 24 percent female.Ghana: Playing climate changeThe game trials we ran in northern Ghana replicated rain-fall fluctuations and assessed the respective responses of
ZEFnews No. 32 | 3
local farmers. The farmers responded very positively and by playing the game were able to identify coping strategies such as selling cows, seeking government assistance, and engaging in alternative livelihood means. It turned out that the farmers participating in the game tended to avoid uncertain situations and sought to simplify their decisions. on the other hand, the game provided insights into the farmers’ rich ecological knowledge of environmental indi-cators. Based on the results of the game trial, we found that the game can facilitate instrumental and communica-tive learning processes among the players and facilitators. Further, the game can serve as a platform where players share their views, knowledge and perceptions of climate-related issues. Benin: Gender mattersThis study explores gender-specific responses to climate variability and related coping strategies in the agrarian context of Benin in West Africa. To date, there is only a limited understanding of gender-differentiated impacts of climate change in West Africa. Yet, there is an urgent need to integrate gender analyses into adaptation responses to climate change. only a few studies have explored the linkages between gender and agro-ecological sustainabil-ity, decision making, and the shaping of multi-functional landscapes. In this research conducted in the context of a semi-arid ecosystem in northern Benin, we explored the following questions: How do male and female farm-ers perceive and react to climate variability and extreme weather conditions? Do male and female perspectives dif-fer in terms of land-use preferences and coping strategies for climate variability? What determines related decisions under conditions of climate uncertainty? These research questions are linked to the overall understanding of resil-ience among subsistence agricultural systems in semi-arid ecosystems. Improved knowledge of gender-differentiated exposure and response to shocks, particularly climate change-related shocks, is key to helping communities become more resilient in the face of the risks and uncer-tainty associated with global climate change. Women are more active and innovativeRural subsistence farmers in northern Benin are suffer-ing from highly erratic rainfall patterns. Some of the 260 households interviewed about gender-related responses to climate variability also participated in an experimental gaming exercise. The results indicate that although men and women are equally aware of climate variability and share similar coping strategies, their specific land-use related strategies, preferences, and motivations differ. In this game, both male and female farmers played the role of land manager under erratic rainfall conditions. Both methods captured some aspects of the realities they are facing and common problems in the study area. Although perceptions and adaptation measures related to climate change are quite similar between men and women, the means, capabilities and motivations vary by gender. Thus, their approaches to the risks and uncertainties were also different. While men remain the primary decision makers in Benin households, women were found to respond in more active, dynamic and innovative ways (in terms of diversifying income sources) when dealing with rainfall variability. Men continued to engage in seasonal migra-tion or permanent relocation as a coping strategy, which is a common response to economic hardship. Although migration or relocation may increase household resilience for both those who stay and those who migrate, women are most likely to stay and continue to cultivate crops for household subsistence and thus bear the impacts of climate change.Games can make a differenceThus, the differences between male and female decisions lead to varying extents and ways of exposure to risk and vulnerability to climate change-related shocks and coping mechanisms in the long run. our study provides initial steps towards enhancing capacities for adaptation and resilience among rural subsistence farmers. We do so by addressing gender-specific responses to the effects of cli-mate change through anticipatory learning.
About the author
Grace Villamor is a senior researcher at ZEF. This research is funded by the WASCAL program (BMBF)
Contact: grace.villamor@uni-bonn

Workshop: Climate Information for Adaptation and Policy Development

Organized by the Centre for Continuing Education, the WASCAL Graduate Research Program West African Climate System (GRP-WACS) and the Department of Meteorology & Climate Science of the Federal University of Technology Akure (FUTA), the workshop was held from September 14-18, 2015 at the Federal University of Technology, Akure.

The main target of the workshop was contributing to a better understanding of the causes and consequences of climate change among policy- and decision-makers. The program provided training on, among others, projections, variability and weather extremes, challenges, risks and opportunities related to climate change, adaptation, policy and governance as well as climate change policy design and response.

Professor Jerome Omotosho, Director of GRP-WACS, highlighted in his opening speech that the workshop was to provide adequate information and raise the understanding of climate change among stakeholders and most importantly facilitate discussion on which measures could be taken to put this knowledge into practice.

This is the first of a series of workshops planned in the next 9 months, by the three Departments of GRP-WASC and FUTA, on various aspects of climate change and weather. The next workshop is planned to be organized in collaboration with the WASCAL Master Program Climate Change and Adapted Land Use, Federal University of Technology, Minna and to thus expand the stakeholder reach.
Media Coverage:

FUTA workshop examines climate change causes, consequences, EnviroNews Nigeria, September 16, 2015.

Why we organised climate change information workshop- WASCAL chief, Newswatch Times, September 23, 2015

FUTA workshop examines climate change causes, consequences

In an effort to broaden understanding of climate change and the capability for incorporating its issues into decision-making and policy development and implementation, the Federal University of Technology, Akure in collaboration with West African Science Service on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use Graduate Research Programme – West African Climate Science (WASCAL GRP-WACS, FUTA centre) and the Department of Meteorology and Climate Science of FUTA, embarked on a five-day training workshop on Climate Information for Adaptation and Policy Development.
The workshop, which drew participants from ministries, departments & agencies (MDAs), and university departments, is aimed at dealing with current topics on climate change causes, consequences, management and adaptation.

Specifically, the workshop is addressing issues of climate change: the science, causes and consequences; climate change projection, variability and extremes; climate change challenges, risks and opportunities; politics and economics of climate change; climate change mitigation; climate change: adaptation, policies and governance and climate change policy design and response.
ALSO READ: Photos: Opening of FUTA climate change workshop

Director, WASCAL GRP-WACS, Prof. Jerome Omotosho, in his welcome remarks at the opening session of the workshop on Tuesday, said there had been a lack of adequate information to stakeholders on climate change.

According to him, everyone talks about climate change but a lot of people do not really understand what it is all about.

He stressed that the workshop was organised to bring middle-level officers from MDAs and reach out to them on what climate change is all about, what brings it about and, importantly, what can we do.

“That is why we put this workshop together,” he said.

Director, Centre for Continuing Education, Dr. J.O Bashorun, said the environment is now threatened and human health and food scarcity is of concern to people even in the developed world.

Head of Meteorology and Climate Science Department, FUTA, Prof. Kehinde Ogunjobi, said the workshop is coming up in line with the new name of the department. He explained that, for the Third World countries, the issue is more of adaptation than mitigation.
ALSO READ: Climate change, food security: African Water Facility supports new Zambia dams

He added that the workshop would help to collate ideas which will be useful for policy and decision makers in addressing climate change challenge.

While declaring the workshop open, Vice-Chancellor of FUTA, Prof. Adebiyi Daramola, represented by his deputy, Prof. Tunde Arayela, noted that the world’s climate is changing and would continue to change, and that it has been postulated by scientists that, by the end of this century, global temperature will rise significantly by more than two degrees celsius.

He said such a level of warming and attendant changes in climate would have a severe impact on socio-economic development.

“There is now a growing shared understanding that the response to climate change can only be effective if it is linked with the broader array of policy and development.

“It is therefore obvious that the solution must involve multi-disciplinary research agenda with natural and social scientists working together to deliver sustainable strategies to combat this menace,” he added.
ALSO READ: Taking action on climate change will boost economic growth – OECD

Daramola, who congratulated the WASCAL director, Head of Meteorology and Climate Science department and the Centre for Continuing Education on the eventful milestone, said the institution management’s expectation is that the workshop will identify challenges presented by climate change, project into future and expectations, and develop pragmatic approach for adaptation.

He urged participants, as scientists, to synergise with both local, national and international institutions to assist in stopping degradation of the only home of man through workshop of this nature and advocacy programmes.

“The linkages between climate change and the three pillars of sustainable development – environment, social, and economic – are strong and deserve in-depth, expert discussion. It is, therefore, my sincere hope that this workshop will also play a catalytic role in helping policy and decision makers acquire deep understanding of climate change and work hard to mitigate its effects,” he added.